May marks the beginning of summer weather and is also Melanoma & Skin Cancer Awareness Month — a time devoted to highlighting skin cancer and educating people on how to check themselves for signs of skin cancer and what they can do to protect their skin from the sun.
Skin Cancer Risk Factors
Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer; it can impact anyone and can happen anywhere on your skin.
Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer and is especially hard to stop once it spreads to other parts of the body, but it’s highly treatable if caught early.1
Risk factors for all types of skin cancer include:
- Excess exposure to UV radiation from sunlight or use of indoor tanning
- The majority of melanoma cases are attributable to UV exposure
- Skin that burns easily; blonde or red hair; a history of excessive sun exposure, including sunburns; tanning bed use; a weakened immune system; and a history of skin cancer
- People with more than 50 moles, atypical moles, or large moles are at an increased risk of developing melanoma, as are sun-sensitive individuals
Skin Cancer Self-Exams
The Canadian Skin Cancer Foundation recommends self-examinations for skin cancer once a month. It’s important to check your entire body, including places like the armpits or the soles of the feet that aren’t usually exposed to the sun.
Utilize the ABCDEs of Early Detection when checking your skin for signs of skin cancer. If you find something that could be considered suspicious, get seen by a doctor.
The ABCDEs of Early Detection
- Asymmetry. Do the two halves not match if you imagine drawing a line through the mole?
- Borders. Are the edges uneven, scalloped, or notched?
- Colours. Are there many shades (brown, red, white, blue or black)?
- Diameter greater than 6mm. Is the mole the size of a pencil eraser or larger?
- Evolution. Has there been a change in size, shape, color, or height? Has a new symptom developed (like bleeding, itching or crusting)?
Protecting Your Skin
To protect your skin when you’re outside, dermatologists recommend the following:
- Seek shade! The sun’s rays are strongest between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m.
- Tip: Look at your shadow - if it’s shorter than you, seek shade
- Wear sun-protective clothing like lightweight long-sleeve shirts, pants, a wide-brimmed hat, and sunglasses with UV protection
- Apply sunscreen, find one that offers broad-spectrum protection, is water resistant, and SPF 30 or higher
Learn more about Skin Cancer Awareness Month and the importance of checking your skin by visiting the Canadian Skin Cancer Foundation’s website.
- Public Health Agency of Canada. “Skin Cancer.” Canada.ca, August 11, 2023. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/sun-safety/skin-cancer.html.
